John Locke’s Views on Property and Liberty, as Outlined...

John Locke’s Views on Property and Liberty, as Outlined in His Second Treatise of Government John Locke’s views on property and liberty, as outlined in his Second Treatise of Government (1690), have had varying interpretations and treatments by subsequent generations of authors. At one extreme, Locke has been claimed as one of the early originators of Western liberalism, who had sought to lay the foundations for civil government, based on universal consent and the natural rights of individuals. [1] Others have charged that what Locke had really done, whether intentionally or unintentionally, was to provide a justification for the entrenched inequality and privileges of the bourgeoisie, in the emerging capitalist society of seventeenth†¦show more content†¦To achieve this, in the state of nature, Locke argues that all one must do is to remove that which is to be appropriated from the common stock, for â€Å"[w]hatever then he removes out of the state that nature has provided and left it in, he has mixed his labor with, and joined to it something that is his o wn, and thereby makes it his property.† [6] Having once â€Å"mixed his labor† with something and made it his own, others are hence excluded from all ownership. But Locke asks: â€Å"Was it a robbery thus to assume to himself what belonged to all in common?† [7] For, if all is held in common, then surely such private appropriation would require the explicit consent of each and every owner before it is to be a legitimate action. However, Locke does not believe so, â€Å"[i]f such a consent as that was necessary, man had starved, not withstanding the plenty God had given him.† [8] Locke does, though, believe that there are some limitations to how much one individual may appropriate in the state of nature. Since he has already assumed as a natural law that all individuals have the right to their self-preservation, then the private appropriation of one individual must leave â€Å"enough and asShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s Views of the State of Nature and the Fundamental Purpose of Political Society. Whose View Is the More Plausible? Why?1564 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s views of the state of nature and the fundamental purpose of political society. Whose view is the more plausible? Why? Introduction Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were both natural law theorists and social contracts theorists. While most natural law theorists have predominantly been of the opinion that humans are social animals by nature, Locke and Hobbes had a different perspective. Their points of view were remarkably different from thoseRead MoreJohn Locke s Theory Of The Declaration Of Independence2480 Words   |  10 PagesJohn Locke, an influential English philosopher, has been considered one of the greatest thinkers during the Enlightenment. Well-known for his fundamental role in developing political philosophy, John Locke is widely regarded as â€Å"the Father of Liberalism†. Furthermore, being a pioneer empiricist, his famous theory of the human mind as containing non-innate ideas is often seen as an inspiration for contemporary empiricists. He also contributed to the social contract theory. This theory states that:Read MoreThe Theory Of Property And Property Rights900 Words   |  4 PagesThe con cept of property and property rights is a topic which many philosophers have struggled to describe. The renowned political theorists Thomas Hobbes and John Locke hold vastly different opinions in regard to the concept of property. In 1651, Hobbes outlined his views in his book, Leviathan, where he discusses societal structure and his social contract theory. Almost forty years later, Locke published his Second Treatise of Government, in which he described mankind’s state of nature, and naturalRead MoreJohn Locke : The Limitations Of Government And The Natural State1475 Words   |  6 Pages John Locke: The Limitations of Government and the Natural State Brandon Lee 10/31/17 Outline Submit for: Political Theory (Govt 251) Fall 2017 Professor Lindskog I. John Locke had been influential in the American governmental system. His ideas outlined in the Second Treatise on Government, dramatically influenced the America revolution and the formation of the United States Declaration of Independence. Modern democracy can thank Locke for his ideas on equal rights, separationRead MoreAmerica s Move Toward Independence1776 Words   |  8 Pagesdisputing just how significant Enlightenment ideas were in their influence over political and religious attitudes in the American War of Independence. This occurs in the uptake of arms, newly establish institutions and a vehemently sought after new order outlined in the 1776 Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation and later, the Constitution of the United States. However, it is also valuable to consider how the role of the Enlightenment may be viewed as limited, and possibly consider thatRead MoreLockes Explanation of Creation, Value and Protection of Property5870 Words   |  24 PagesLockes Explanation of Creation, Value and Protection of Property ‘The great and chief end... of Mens uniting into Commonwealths, and putting themselves under Government, is the preservation of their property’ (Second treatise, para.124). How and why does Locke explain the creation, value andRead MorePolitical Philosophy and Plato Essay9254 Words   |  38 Pagesthe accounts of later classical writers, especially the writings of his students Plato and Xenophon, and the plays of his contemporary Aristophanes. Many would claim that Platos dialogues are the most comprehensive accounts of Socrates to survive from antiquity. Through his portrayal in Platos dialogues, Socrates has become renowned for his contribution to the field of ethics, and it is this Platonic Socrates who also lends his name to the concepts of Socratic irony and the Socratic method, or

Technology And Social Problems - 1229 Words

Defining the problem Every aspect of life in the society has embraced modernization and gained more technological advancement because of the presence of computers, cell phones, television, internet and industries of every kind. Communication has also taken the shape of emails and text messages as well as business systems such as online libraries, e buying, and online banking. Even though technology has contributed a lot towards the advancement of the society today, the truth is it has also brought a negative impact on the same community. The current society requires assessing the negative ways it is affected by this technology regarding affecting resources health, education, and relationships in general (Gifford, 2013 p 5). Why is it a†¦show more content†¦The effect of technology on the environmental, physical and social health can be destructive if nothing can be put to check. The benefits of technological advancement are evident, however as with every aspect, moderation is necessary. Becoming aware the devastating effects on the excessive use of electronics can aid in averting unnecessary hazards (Gifford, 2013 p 19). Conducting the Primary Research Doing Interviews was the chosen mode of conducting primary research. Aims of the Research The study sought to investigate the adverse impact of technology on the society. Other specific objectives of the study included the following: i) To determine factors that affect the youth health culture in the society today ii) To show the relationship between advancement in technology and the healthy practices adopted by teenagers. iii) To determine how has the inclusion of digital media impacted the way healthcare information is disbursed to the youth in the country. Research Questions 1. How has technology changed our everyday lives? 2. What effect does technology have on society? 3. What are the prospects for technological development in the next 100 years? Significance of the study Little attention has been put into the research on challenges encountered as a result of the adoption of technology in promoting health and education amongst the youth in in the society Hence thisShow MoreRelatedHigh Dependence On Social Media Technology1648 Words   |  7 Pagesthere is high dependence on social media technology in daily human interaction and sharing of information. This has shaped the social interactions and development of personal relationships of people more so teenagers. Individuals in the modern society use social media technology extensively, which has caused significant change in time people spend in alternative activities. That is, given a time constraint of 24 hours in a day, time spent in using social media technology is drawn from another activityRead MoreModern Technology and Its Effects Essay1126 Words   |  5 Pagesof the technology. It has evolved with this society so deeply where such conveniences are no longer luxuries but rather necessities. U nfortunately, the most affected group of people from the developed technology is the younger age people (Subrahmanyam, 2000). In the past, children were more lively and active: playing outdoors, running around, climbing trees and remaining active rather than watching television and playing video game and computer. It is true that the use of the technology has itsRead MoreNegative Effects Of Technology On Youth1013 Words   |  5 Pagesmodern society, technology is commonly thought of as a necessity. This thought can mainly associate with the youth of today. Youth of today can be described as children, teenagers, and young adults living in this day and age. Children and young adults alike have only lived in a world run by technology in their lifetime. Youth depends on technology because they do not know how to live without it. Modern technology includes cell phones, lap tops, television, and many other devices. Technology allows forRead MoreAre We Becoming Technological Zombies?1548 Words   |  7 PagesSociety is evolving at an exponential rate. As humans, the need for technology is growing every single day, the use of this technology helps people through their daily tasks, whether it be checking the weather to know what to wear, or checking the calendar to see what meetings are on the schedule, to going to the factory and being around it and needing it for the job, such as producing cars on an assembly line. The need for technology as humans see, is growing, it is becoming more and more useful inRead MoreUsing Technological Approaches for the Presentation of Curriculum in Canadian Schools1096 Words   |  4 Pagesinformation technology. Things that were once done manually or by hand have now become computerized operating systems, which simply require a single click of a mouse to get a task completed. Information technology benefits society with communication by allowing people to stay in touch with their families at very affordable costs. It allows us to d o things faster and easier with the use of the internet. It has already become an integral part of our daily lives. For one, it is true that technology partlyRead MoreEssay On Technology And Technology852 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology is a huge part of our everyday lives. Its something we use all the time, but we are becoming too attached to it. Technology is a privilege, but we are letting it destroy our lives; the more technology we have the less we actually socialize with people. It can be a great tool, but overuse holds us back from living our lives to the fullest. Sometimes we need to put technology aside, and allow ourselves to see how beautiful life really is. Everyone in today’s society has a cell phone. TheRead MoreSocietys Addiction to Computers Essay781 Words   |  4 PagesOver the past years, with the exponential advance in technology, computers have developed to be the leader of the world. Increasingly, computers are playing more roles in helping people to remember a friend’s birthday or maintain relationships with others. Therefore, they have contributed positive to the development of relationships and improvement of the general knowledge of the society. Critics however argue that the society is becoming progressively more dependent on computers. In this essay,Read MoreEffects Of Technology On Our Lives1679 Words   |  7 PagesOn average people use technology eleven hours of the average waking hours of sixteen to eighteen. That is sixty one to sixty eight percent of waking time on technology. Overuse of any thing is unhealthy, especially overuse with so many adverse effects. Technology has three main categories of unhealthy effects. Physical, Mental/Emotional, and Social/Environmental. Because of its wide range of unhealthy effects on several aspects of life its use should be limited. Technology has unhealthy effects onRead MoreWhat Are Technological Determinism, Scot, Feminism, Semiotic Approach, Cultural / Media Studies Approach?1175 Words   |  5 Pagesthat a society s technology drives the development of its social structure and cultural values. Social construction of technology (also referred to as SCOT) is a theory within the field of Science and Technology Studies. Advocates of SCOT—that is, social constructivists—argue that technology does not determine human action, but that rather, human action shapes technology. They also argue that the ways a technology is used cannot be understood without understanding how that technology is embedded inRead MoreThe Impact Of Modern Technology On Our Lives1025 Words   |  5 PagesModern technology plays an important role in our lives like for work, school, and even play. Technology is used for entertainment, social, chatting, and finding answers. Entertainment consists of movie and T.V. apps, music apps, gaming consoles, and e-books. Entertainment use to be going out to theaters or a concert with friends, going outside to play games and reading a nice book that doesn’t have a battery. Socializing is any social media sites and chatting falls in the line of soc ial medias

Malaysian Culture Free Essays

Malaysian Culture. INTRODUCTION : Malaysia’s has a multicultural and multiethnic population consisting of Malays, Chinese, Indians and Bumiputra of Sarawak and Sabah, in which people of different religions, countries of origins and race live in a peaceful and harmonious society has influenced its arts and culture. Each of Malays, Chinese, Indians and Bumiputra celebrates different festivities that they hold from their great great grandparents. We will write a custom essay sample on Malaysian Culture or any similar topic only for you Order Now BODY : 1) First of all, Malays are the largest community in Malaysia. Hari Raya Puasa and Hari Raya Haji are the most significant festivities that they celebrate with families and friends. Hari Raya Puasa, the day of celebration of marking the end of Ramadan (which is a month-long period where fasting takes place from sunrise to sunset) is the biggest event of the Muslim calendar. This is a time when you will see Malay families dressed up in their best traditional outfit like baju kurung and baju Melayu to mark this special occasion. Similar to the Chinese during Chinese New Year, the Malays also have the tradition of giving Angpau but on this occasion it is known as duit raya and is given in green packets. Being a Malay and Muslim in Malaysia, the tradition is that, once a year during the festival of Hari Raya Aidilfitri, they prepare luxurious festive food such as ketupat, beef rendang, lemang, satay and the Raya cookies. Then, Hari Raya Haji is celebrated approximately after 70 days the celebrations of Hari Raya Aidilfitri. The ancient Muslim festival of  Hari Raya Haji, also known as the â€Å"Festival of Sacrifice† that is celebrated over two days by Muslims worldwide. The festival starts off with prayers by male volunteers and the sacrifice of sheep, goats and cows to symbolize Phophet Ibrahim’s readiness to sacrifice his own flesh and blood. ) Next, the second major population is the Chinese people. They celebrate Chinese New Year, Mid-Autumn Festival and Hungry Ghost Festival. The date of the Chinese New Year is determined by the lunar calendar and it often falls annually in either January or February. Being a major event on the Chinese calendar, the Chinese resi dents celebrate this occasion in stylish red or gold colours. Spring cleaning for this festive season is essential to most Chinese and it is a common sight to see red pieces of paper with Chinese calligraphy bearing good wishes placed onto doors and walls. The distribution of Angpau  (red packets containing money) by parents and relatives to unmarried children is a common practice during this festive season. The Mid-Autumn Festival also known as Lantern Festival which falls on the 15th day of the eighth Chinese Lunar Calendar. This is a historical festival rather than a religious one. It marks the successful rebellion against the Mongol ruler dated back in 14th century China. Legend has indicated that the secret about a plot against the Mongolians was hidden inside the moon cake and the moon cake was distributed widely. Lanterns were used at night as signals from higher grounds and hilltop. Today, this festival is celebrated with moon cakes and lantern hanging in the house. The lantern and the moon cakes have attracted many children and adults attention. Next, the seventh month of the lunar calendar is when the hungry ghost festival is celebrated. This event is a traditional Chinese festival celebrated worldwide by Chinese people and it involves the offering of food and burning of offerings for example incense and papier-mache material items such as clothes, gold, cars and houses as a form of ancestor worship with the meaning of extending filial piety from descendants to their ancestors even after their deaths. These offerings can be seen along roadsides and on open grounds as a means of appeasing and respecting the departed. In some areas of Malaysia you may even have the chance watching the Chinese operas which are staged to entertain the wandering spirits. During this festival, puppet shows are traditionally held along with live singing performances. 3) Deepavali is one of the significant events celebrated by the Indians. This is a festival when Indian communities are filled with lights, music, scents, arts and performances. Known also as the â€Å"Festival of lights†, it is an occasion of celebration for both Hindus and Sikhs. It marks the beginning of a New Year for certain North Indians, while some believe that the departed souls of relatives will descend during this time and rows of tiny oil lamps are used to guide them on a journey to the next world. During this festival, new clothes are worn, and vibrant and colourful lights, festive bazaars and cultural activities enliven the streets of the Indian communities across Malaysia. 4) Next, we move on to the Bumiputra. In Sarawak, Gawai Dayak  marks the important date for the Ibans ethnic group and marks the end of the paddy rice harvest season. The Ibans invite their friends, family and people from different ethnic groups to join in the gaiety celebrated in their longhouses. At the beginning of the ceremony, prayer is usually led by the tribal chief as a traditional way of seeking blessings from the gods, followed by dances performed by men wearing warrior attire. This is followed by the most important part of the ceremony; the miring, a ritual performed by the elderly who simultaneously mutter a chant for peace, safety, protection and a plentiful harvest in the next season. In Sabah, Tadau Kaamatan is a harvesting celebration held by the Kadazandusuns ethnic groups of Sabah. This is a celebration of thanksgiving offered to the rice gods by the farmers. Thus prayers are also held in hope for an ample harvest the following year. They give thanks to the gods and spirits for blessings and a good paddy harvest. Sabah natives wear their traditional costumes and enjoy a carnival-like atmosphere, which is usually stretches from dawn to dawn. Tapai, their homemade rice wine is freely served during the festivities. Then, there is the Unduk Ngadau, a traditional beauty contest, in which, the fairest in the land will participate, and a Kaamatan Queen will be selected. This is however no ordinary beauty contest, as it apparently owes its origins to the legend or story of the Kadazandusun’s genesis and their creator, Kinoingan’s sacrifice of his only daughter, Huminodun for the love of his people. Besides that, Christmas Day, which is held annually on Dec 25th, Christians celebrate the Nativity, or the birth of Christ. Here in Malaysia, since we live in a multi cultural country with no snow, all Malaysians tend to celebrate this festive seasons visiting friends and families. Shopping malls put up their decorations and lights and Christians put their Christmas trees up one to two weeks before Christmas. As with everywhere, Christmas preparations are done up to the last minute of December 24th. On Christmas Eve, Christians dress up in their new clothes and go to church for midnight services. Before mass begins they normally have sketches or plays by the children and Christmas carolling. In most Christian homes, it is a tradition to say a short prayer before doing anything else. After the prayers most families have wine and fruit cake to toast Christmas. After this, gifts are exchanged and they snap plenty of photos of the person opening the gifts. Once the excitement has died down they head on to bed. On Christmas day, families have a feast and this is the time when friends of all faiths make their rounds to wish Merry Christmas. Some visitors bring presents and gifts. The children laugh with joy as they receive gifts and money in a modified version of ‘ang-pow’ from friends and relatives. CONCLUSION : Each ethnic group has its own underlying culture that separates it from the others, and they have achieved different levels of integration. Perhaps the easiest way to begin to understand the highly complex cultural interaction which is Malaysia is to look at the open door policy maintained during religious festivals. Although Malaysia’s different cultural traditions are frequently maintained by seemingly self-contained ethnic communities, all of Malaysia’s communities open their doors to members of other cultures during a religious festival, to tourists as well as neighbours. Such inclusiveness is more than just a way to break down cultural barriers and foster understanding. It is a positive celebration of a tradition of tolerance that has for millennia formed the basis of Malaysia’s progress. How to cite Malaysian Culture, Papers